February
26, 2004
Confusion
on Education Funding
While
researching why school property taxes have increased by
more than increases for public schools, it became apparent
that the Ministry of Education keeps two or more sets of
books for school expenditures. Its January
30th news release included a table showing operating
grants that are approximately $300 million lower than the
operating expenses shown in the Ministry's service plan.
When asked to explain the difference, the Ministry responded
by saying:
1.
"The block funding does not include a number of funded
items that are included in the service plan operating
expenditures. For example, the block funding does not
include annual capital grants for maintenance and upkeep,
distance education, operating leases, long-term disability,
provincial resources programs and the Provincial Learning
Network (PLNet), among others."
2.
"The block funding covers the school year (July 1-June
30) while the operating expenditures in the service plan
cover the fiscal year (April 1-March 31)."
The
New Era Document, the book of Gordon Campbell's election
promises, did not say that they would protect education
funding if you used the right tricky statistics. It simply
said that education funding would be protected.
In the
first two full fiscal years of the Campbell government,
operating expenditures for public schools, including distance
education and other items enumerated above, declined; they
decreased by $5.7 million in 2002-03, and they decreased
a further $13.4 million in 2003-04 (as reported in the Ministry's
service plans).
The
Ministry's news release appears to have full time equivalent
enrollment wrong; it looks like it shifted the numbers by
a year! Public schools count full time equivalent students
on Ministry "report
2077" at the end of September each year. September
2002 is in 2002-03 whether you mean fiscal year or school
year. The Ministry's news release claimed that FTE students
numbered 587,247 in 2002-03, 580,484 in 2003-04 and are
projected to number 574,219 in 2004-05. The actual counts
that are available on the Ministry's website say that FTE
students numbered 587,198 in September 2001 - that is school
year 2001-02, not school year 2002-03. The official count
was 580,406 in September 2002 - that is school year 2002-03,
not school year 2003-04. The official count was 575,642
in September 2003 - that is school year 2003-04, not school
year 2004-05.
It gets
worse. The Ministry also provides two other head counts
in budget allocation documents provided to school districts.
For school year 2002-03 (http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/k12funding/funding/02-03/final/table-5.pdf)
the preliminary budget enrollment figure was 580,412.8 and
the final budget enrollment figure was 576,171.7. The figure
for 2002-03 in the Ministrys news release was 587,247,
and the figure from report 2077 was 580,406.
For
school year 2003-04 (http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/k12funding/funding/03-04/final/table-5.pdf)
the preliminary budget figure was 567,030.7 and the final
budget figure was 569,441.2. The figure for 2003-04 in the
Ministrys news release was 580,484, and the figure
from report 2077 was 575,642.
When
the service plan fiscal year operating expenditures are
used with the report 2077 enrollment figures, per student
funding increased by $71.81 in fiscal year 2002-03 from
fiscal year 2001-02; that's an increase of 1.0% rather than
the $127 or 2.0% increase shown in the Ministry's news release.
Government boasted this year that it was changing to Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles including the full integration
of the SUCH sector. It looks like they have a long way to
go to standardize language, accounting and statistics in
the Ministry of Education. When they report enrollment four
different ways, and the operating costs differ by almost
$300 million depending on whether they mean "grants"
or "full expenses"; how can anyone believe their
projections and promises for future years?
February
23, 2004
Pocketing
School Tax Money
The Campbell
government has pocketed property taxes raised for school purposes.
Since it came to power, it has increased property taxes for
school purposes by twice as much as it has increased funding
for K-12 public schools.
Just because
an increasing number of British Columbians can see through
the Campbell government, doesn't mean that the government
is "transparent". Misleading news releases and hiding
information is routine practice in the New Era. In July 2001
the new government's "fiscal update" followed past
practice and reported on property taxes broken down by residential
for school purpose, business for school purpose and rural.
Since then, Finance Minister Gary Collins' budgets have totaled
the three categories and offered no breakdown, although the
Ministry of Revenue's school
tax website provided figures for 2002. Property
taxes raised by the provincial government increased from $1.452
billion in fiscal year 2001-02 to an estimated $1.655 billion
in fiscal year 2004-05; that's an increase of $203 million.
The government's plan is to increase property taxes to $1.782
billion in fiscal 2006-07.
The Ministry
of Revenue's website says "Historically, property
taxes have funded approximately 30 per cent of public education
costs, based on rates set by the provincial government
"
Recent data (service plan data for fiscal years 2001-02, and
2002-03) show that 32.8% of operating expenditures for public
schools was raised by property taxes for school purposes.
It is
not easy to track data on government spending for K-12 education.
Every fall the government issues news releases that talk about
declining enrollment and increases in per student funding.
It is only later in the year that the hard numbers become
available and show the inaccuracy of the propaganda in the
news releases (official
enrollment counts are done at the end of September and
released in December). When dealing with school funding it
is also possible to become confused over calendar year, school
year and fiscal year. The provincial government records spending
on the basis of its fiscal year, which starts on April 1st
and ends on March 31st, hence fiscal years are hyphenated,
e.g. 2004-05. Data from the "service plans" for
the Ministry of education reveal what has happened to operating
expenditures for public schools (debt service and amortization
is in addition to the operating expenditures). For fiscal
year 2001-02,
public school operating expenditures totaled $4.094 billion;
for fiscal year 2002-03
they totaled $4.088 billion; for fiscal year 2003-04
they totaled $4.075 billion. The budget for fiscal year 2004-05
calls for public school operating expenditures to total $4.147
billion although, approximately $35
million of that is to cover the cost of changing to Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles. In other words, operating
expenditures for public schools decreased by $5.7 million
in 2002-03, and decreased a further $13.4 million in
2003-04. They increased in the budget for 2004-05 by $72.2
million; over a third of that increase is for accounting changes.
(The inclusion of private school funding changes the cut in
2002-03 to $1.3 million, the cut in 2003-04 to $2.9 million
and the increase in 2004-05 to $81.6 million.)
To make
matters more confusing, the Ministry of Education has a second
set of numbers for operating funding that is about $300 million
less than the figures for operating expenditures shown in
its service plans. A
table in the January 31, 2004, funding announcement says
that operating funding for public schools was $3.72 billion
in 2000-01, $3.77 billion in 2001-02, $3.79 billion in 2002-03,
$3.79 billion in 2003-04, and is projected to be $3.875 billion
in 2004-05. While there is no explanation for the two sets
of operating costs, the increase in the lower numbers between
2001-02 and 2004-05 is $105 million compared to a difference
of $53 million in the figures from the service plans. The
Ministry will have to explain the difference between its news
release and its service plans, but either way, school funding
has not increased by as much as the increases in the property
tax for school purposes.
During
the two fiscal years when operating expenditures for public
schools decreased, according to the service plan figures,
property taxes raised by the provincial government increased
by $33 million in 2002-03, by $90 million in 2003-04, and
by an estimated $71 million in 2004-05. All of the property
taxes are not for school purposes, and the province no longer
publishes the breakdown. A request to the Ministry of Finance
and the Ministry of Revenue for the breakdown is yet to be
answered, but historically just over 91% of the property tax
raised by the province was for school purposes (just under
10% is for rural
areas for non-school purposes). Applying the 91% shows
that the province raised an additional $30 million from property
taxes for school purposes in 2002-03 when it cut funding by
$5.7 million; it raised an additional $82 million in property
taxes for school purposes 2003-04 when it cut funding by $13.4
million; it estimates that it will raise an additional $65
million from property taxes for school purposes this year
when public school operating expenditures for things other
than accounting changes will increase by $50 million.
The Campbell
government is taxing for school purposes but instead of using
the money for funding schools, it is using it to cover the
revenue shortfall created by its tax giveaways to high income
earners and corporations. The most generous interpretation
is that the Campbell government is shifting more of the cost
of education onto property taxes, but they haven't been sufficiently
transparent to say anything about the shift. How shifty!
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