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February 26, 2004

Confusion on Education Funding

While researching why school property taxes have increased by more than increases for public schools, it became apparent that the Ministry of Education keeps two or more sets of books for school expenditures. Its January 30th news release included a table showing operating grants that are approximately $300 million lower than the operating expenses shown in the Ministry's service plan. When asked to explain the difference, the Ministry responded by saying:

1. "The block funding does not include a number of funded items that are included in the service plan operating expenditures. For example, the block funding does not include annual capital grants for maintenance and upkeep, distance education, operating leases, long-term disability, provincial resources programs and the Provincial Learning Network (PLNet), among others."

2. "The block funding covers the school year (July 1-June 30) while the operating expenditures in the service plan cover the fiscal year (April 1-March 31)."

The New Era Document, the book of Gordon Campbell's election promises, did not say that they would protect education funding if you used the right tricky statistics. It simply said that education funding would be protected.

In the first two full fiscal years of the Campbell government, operating expenditures for public schools, including distance education and other items enumerated above, declined; they decreased by $5.7 million in 2002-03, and they decreased a further $13.4 million in 2003-04 (as reported in the Ministry's service plans).

The Ministry's news release appears to have full time equivalent enrollment wrong; it looks like it shifted the numbers by a year! Public schools count full time equivalent students on Ministry "report 2077" at the end of September each year. September 2002 is in 2002-03 whether you mean fiscal year or school year. The Ministry's news release claimed that FTE students numbered 587,247 in 2002-03, 580,484 in 2003-04 and are projected to number 574,219 in 2004-05. The actual counts that are available on the Ministry's website say that FTE students numbered 587,198 in September 2001 - that is school year 2001-02, not school year 2002-03. The official count was 580,406 in September 2002 - that is school year 2002-03, not school year 2003-04. The official count was 575,642 in September 2003 - that is school year 2003-04, not school year 2004-05.

It gets worse. The Ministry also provides two other head counts in budget allocation documents provided to school districts. For school year 2002-03 (http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/k12funding/funding/02-03/final/table-5.pdf) the preliminary budget enrollment figure was 580,412.8 and the final budget enrollment figure was 576,171.7. The figure for 2002-03 in the Ministry’s news release was 587,247, and the figure from report 2077 was 580,406.

For school year 2003-04 (http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/k12funding/funding/03-04/final/table-5.pdf) the preliminary budget figure was 567,030.7 and the final budget figure was 569,441.2. The figure for 2003-04 in the Ministry’s news release was 580,484, and the figure from report 2077 was 575,642.

When the service plan fiscal year operating expenditures are used with the report 2077 enrollment figures, per student funding increased by $71.81 in fiscal year 2002-03 from fiscal year 2001-02; that's an increase of 1.0% rather than the $127 or 2.0% increase shown in the Ministry's news release. Government boasted this year that it was changing to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles including the full integration of the SUCH sector. It looks like they have a long way to go to standardize language, accounting and statistics in the Ministry of Education. When they report enrollment four different ways, and the operating costs differ by almost $300 million depending on whether they mean "grants" or "full expenses"; how can anyone believe their projections and promises for future years?


February 23, 2004

Pocketing School Tax Money

The Campbell government has pocketed property taxes raised for school purposes. Since it came to power, it has increased property taxes for school purposes by twice as much as it has increased funding for K-12 public schools.

Just because an increasing number of British Columbians can see through the Campbell government, doesn't mean that the government is "transparent". Misleading news releases and hiding information is routine practice in the New Era. In July 2001 the new government's "fiscal update" followed past practice and reported on property taxes broken down by residential for school purpose, business for school purpose and rural. Since then, Finance Minister Gary Collins' budgets have totaled the three categories and offered no breakdown, although the Ministry of Revenue's school tax website provided figures for 2002. Property taxes raised by the provincial government increased from $1.452 billion in fiscal year 2001-02 to an estimated $1.655 billion in fiscal year 2004-05; that's an increase of $203 million. The government's plan is to increase property taxes to $1.782 billion in fiscal 2006-07.

The Ministry of Revenue's website says "Historically, property taxes have funded approximately 30 per cent of public education costs, based on rates set by the provincial government …" Recent data (service plan data for fiscal years 2001-02, and 2002-03) show that 32.8% of operating expenditures for public schools was raised by property taxes for school purposes.

It is not easy to track data on government spending for K-12 education. Every fall the government issues news releases that talk about declining enrollment and increases in per student funding. It is only later in the year that the hard numbers become available and show the inaccuracy of the propaganda in the news releases (official enrollment counts are done at the end of September and released in December). When dealing with school funding it is also possible to become confused over calendar year, school year and fiscal year. The provincial government records spending on the basis of its fiscal year, which starts on April 1st and ends on March 31st, hence fiscal years are hyphenated, e.g. 2004-05. Data from the "service plans" for the Ministry of education reveal what has happened to operating expenditures for public schools (debt service and amortization is in addition to the operating expenditures). For fiscal year 2001-02, public school operating expenditures totaled $4.094 billion; for fiscal year 2002-03 they totaled $4.088 billion; for fiscal year 2003-04 they totaled $4.075 billion. The budget for fiscal year 2004-05 calls for public school operating expenditures to total $4.147 billion although, approximately $35 million of that is to cover the cost of changing to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. In other words, operating expenditures for public schools decreased by $5.7 million in 2002-03, and decreased a further $13.4 million in 2003-04. They increased in the budget for 2004-05 by $72.2 million; over a third of that increase is for accounting changes. (The inclusion of private school funding changes the cut in 2002-03 to $1.3 million, the cut in 2003-04 to $2.9 million and the increase in 2004-05 to $81.6 million.)

To make matters more confusing, the Ministry of Education has a second set of numbers for operating funding that is about $300 million less than the figures for operating expenditures shown in its service plans. A table in the January 31, 2004, funding announcement says that operating funding for public schools was $3.72 billion in 2000-01, $3.77 billion in 2001-02, $3.79 billion in 2002-03, $3.79 billion in 2003-04, and is projected to be $3.875 billion in 2004-05. While there is no explanation for the two sets of operating costs, the increase in the lower numbers between 2001-02 and 2004-05 is $105 million compared to a difference of $53 million in the figures from the service plans. The Ministry will have to explain the difference between its news release and its service plans, but either way, school funding has not increased by as much as the increases in the property tax for school purposes.

During the two fiscal years when operating expenditures for public schools decreased, according to the service plan figures, property taxes raised by the provincial government increased by $33 million in 2002-03, by $90 million in 2003-04, and by an estimated $71 million in 2004-05. All of the property taxes are not for school purposes, and the province no longer publishes the breakdown. A request to the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Revenue for the breakdown is yet to be answered, but historically just over 91% of the property tax raised by the province was for school purposes (just under 10% is for rural areas for non-school purposes). Applying the 91% shows that the province raised an additional $30 million from property taxes for school purposes in 2002-03 when it cut funding by $5.7 million; it raised an additional $82 million in property taxes for school purposes 2003-04 when it cut funding by $13.4 million; it estimates that it will raise an additional $65 million from property taxes for school purposes this year when public school operating expenditures for things other than accounting changes will increase by $50 million.

The Campbell government is taxing for school purposes but instead of using the money for funding schools, it is using it to cover the revenue shortfall created by its tax giveaways to high income earners and corporations. The most generous interpretation is that the Campbell government is shifting more of the cost of education onto property taxes, but they haven't been sufficiently transparent to say anything about the shift. How shifty!

 

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